The Art of a Practical Schedule Timeline

The Art of a Practical Schedule TimelineA practical project timeline is a brilliant way to deliver your project’s value when it’s needed. There’s no place for optimism. It has reasonable estimates with a degree of variability built in so any issues that arise don’t lead to a scheduling disaster! Here’s how to build one:

  • Use PERT instead of single-number estimates. PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) makes you think through the best, worst, and most likely time estimates for each task. This approach yields a better, more thought-out result, which exposes the uncertainty that a single value estimate hides. The PERT weighted average tends to be closer to reality. It also gives you a basis for conversation when a task estimate doesn’t look right. That’s usually a sign the work isn’t well understood and needs further analysis.
  • Learn from project histories. Historical data is often underused. There is a lot to learn from project histories. If a similar task took twice as long as planned on the last three projects, there’s no reason to think things will be different this time unless something has changed significantly. Pull actual values from past schedules. (None of our memories are as good as we think!) This technique is also a good way to catch systemic issues, like a particular type of task consistently causing problems, or a vendor who consistently underestimates the time to produce deliverables.
  • Use an AI tool to double-check your estimates. Generative AI tools can provide a sanity-check for a draft schedule. Feed in the task list and ask it to find suspicious dependencies, optimistic durations, as well as steps that are missing entirely. Remember, AI doesn’t replace human judgment and the team’s expertise, but it’s a fast second opinion to check before you debut the schedule.
  • Make sure the team members doing the work provide your estimates. PMs, sponsors, or team leaders who haven’t gotten their hands dirty in a while tend to be optimistic, so they aren’t the ones to estimate a practical schedule timeline. The person who’ll perform the work usually has firsthand, current knowledge of the true complexity of the work. Also, estimates from team members builds ownership and buy-in. If a task runs long, it feels like a shared problem to solve rather than a target someone else set.
  • Build contingency into the plan as a whole and do that openly. When every task owner pads their estimate or the project manager arbitrarily doubles an estimate (you KNOW you have seen or done this!), the schedule ends up bloated, but somehow still unreliable That’s because no science has gone into building a reasonable timeline. A better approach is to use PERT estimates for each task and then include a visible contingency at the phase and project level. That provides flexibility to manage the inevitable surprises. Also, because it’s visible, it provides reliable information about what happens during the project – which makes project histories even more useful. It also provides a succinct and defensible answer when a stakeholder asks if or where wiggle room has been built into the schedule.
  • Re-evaluate the schedule at every milestone. A timeline built at the start of a project is a best guess, when few hard facts are available. Regularly revisit estimates, dependencies, and the critical path. When possible, use rolling wave planning, where the near-term work is detailed and the future work is estimated at a high level. When that work becomes near-term, you know more and can produce better estimates. That way, you won’t over-commit to numbers that are still part conjecture.

While this week’s suggestions are worthy of being put into practice immediately, I have another assignment for you to ponder. Give yourself permission to learn from your experience in every project. Remind yourself that the initial baseline schedule (as well as the whole project plan) isn’t fixed! There will be changes. So, think about how to convey that to the people who want to set scope, budget, time and quality; and develop your personal approach to embracing and wrangling the uncertainty that is project management.

For more about scheduling, check out my Project Management Foundations: Schedules course.

 

 

Coming Up

It’s official! I’ve started a complete rework of my popular Project Management Foundations course. It was the #4 most popular LinkedIn Learning course in 2025. And the improvements and enhancements we’ve planned might notch it higher in the rankings.

In this edition, I’m narrowing the focus to project managers’ most important responsibilities, key skills, and effective techniques. It will also emphasize the practical aspects of how everything helps you deliver successful projects in the real world. That will get you going quicker and make your efforts more effective. In addition to videos, the course will include text to provide background info, infographics for high-level perspectives, and AI role play to practice common PM situations. There will be two levels of challenges: easier ones for people newer to project management and others for project managers who want to move up. And the content will also be in line with PMBOK® 8th edition.

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This article belongs to the Bonnie’s Project Pointers newsletter series, which has more than 105,000 subscribers. This newsletter is 100% written by a human (no aliens or AIs involved). If you like this article, you can subscribe to receive notifications when a new article posts.

Want to learn more about the topics I talk about in these newsletters? Watch my courses in the LinkedIn Learning Library and tune into my LinkedIn Office Hours live broadcasts.

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Avoiding Redundant Collaboration Tools

Avoiding Redundant Collaboration Tools

 

What’s the point of using two different collaboration tools in the same project? There is none. And yet, it could be challenging, if not impossible, to settle on one tool for everyone. Bob McGannon and I talk about why this might happen and possible solutions. If your client uses a different system than you do, their preference has to prevail, so we also discuss how to work effectively using both internal and client tools. 

 

 

 

Coming Up

It’s official! I’ve started a complete rework of my popular Project Management Foundations course. It was the #4 most popular LinkedIn Learning course in 2025. And the improvements and enhancements we’ve planned might notch it higher in the rankings.

In this edition, I’m narrowing the focus to project managers’ most important responsibilities, key skills, and effective techniques. It will also emphasize the practical aspects of how everything helps you deliver successful projects in the real world. That will get you going quicker and make your efforts more effective. In addition to videos, the course will include text to provide background info, infographics for high-level perspectives, and AI role play to practice common PM situations. There will be two levels of challenges: easier ones for people newer to project management and others for project managers who want to move up. And the content will also be in line with PMBOK® 8th edition.

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This article belongs to the Bonnie’s Project Pointers newsletter series, which has more than 105,000 subscribers. This newsletter is 100% written by a human (no aliens or AIs involved). If you like this article, you can subscribe to receive notifications when a new article posts.

Want to learn more about the topics I talk about in these newsletters? Watch my courses in the LinkedIn Learning Library and tune into my LinkedIn Office Hours live broadcasts.

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Best Practices for Delegating

Best Practices for DelegatingDelegation is a great way to free up your time while helping others expand their capabilities. But merely handing off a task to someone else often doesn’t accomplish either of those objectives. Proper delegation is an intentional transfer of ownership that requires shifting the workload, authority, and data necessary to complete the task. Here’s how to create a support structure to guide the delegate:

  • Define their decision-making authority. The person you assign might be hesitant to act or lack confidence to grab their task with gusto if they don’t know how much authority and autonomy they have. Task execution can affect budgets, project timelines, risk and issue strategies, and more, so you know that decisions will need to be made. Tell your delegate exactly where their decision-making power begins and ends. That way, team members feel empowered and accomplish much more when they know they can decide without waiting for a green light.
  • Help them build relationships. Success comes from teamwork, especially cross-functional collaboration. However, a newly delegated team member might not have the relationships needed to succeed on their tasks. By proactively building bridges for them, you give them credibility, increase the probability of good results, and even save time.
  • Communicate the task ownership change. Inform stakeholders that a task has been delegated to make sure that it receives the proper priority — as if you, the project manager, were still spearheading it. When people know about the shift in task ownership, they won’t (or are less likely to) question the delegate’s right to drive the task forward and hold others accountable.
  • Get them technical support. Make sure the delegate has access to key technical and team leaders. The most meaningful delegations stretch the delegate’s skills, so access to specialized help when needed helps the delegate learn while completing the task successfully. Make a list of specific experts and message them, asking them to prioritize inquiries from your team member.

Have you ever delegated a task to someone else or had a task delegated to you? Any stories or lessons learned from those experiences? I’ll give you an example from my younger years. I took over as project manager for one part of a huge program. Basically, the delegation was “This is Bonnie. She’s going to manage our part of the project.” No knowledge of authority, relationships, or technical support. At least the client knew I was on board. I figured out the authority, relationships, and technical support on my own, but it took several very stressful months.

For more about delegation, check out Dorie Clark’s Delegating Tasks course.

 

Coming Up

It’s official! I’ve started a complete rework of my popular Project Management Foundations course. It was the #4 most popular LinkedIn Learning course in 2025. And the improvements and enhancements we’ve planned might notch it higher in the rankings.

In this edition, I’m narrowing the focus to project managers’ most important responsibilities, key skills, and effective techniques. It will also emphasize the practical aspects of how everything helps you deliver successful projects in the real world. That will get you going quicker and make your efforts more effective. In addition to videos, the course will include text to provide background info, infographics for high-level perspectives, and AI role play to practice common PM situations. There will be two levels of challenges: easier ones for people newer to project management and others for project managers who want to move up. And the content will also be in line with PMBOK® 8th edition.

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This article belongs to the Bonnie’s Project Pointers newsletter series, which has more than 105,000 subscribers. This newsletter is 100% written by a human (no aliens or AIs involved). If you like this article, you can subscribe to receive notifications when a new article posts.

Want to learn more about the topics I talk about in these newsletters? Watch my courses in the LinkedIn Learning Library and tune into my LinkedIn Office Hours live broadcasts.

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When Change Might Be Too Much

When Change Might Be Too Much 714

Suppose you meticulously shepherd change requests through your change control process. And then, one day, realize your project has morphed into something you and the stakeholders don’t recognize. Sometimes, lots of small changes transform your project in ways you didn’t foresee. For this reason, Bob McGannon and I suggest setting an overall limit to change in a project that triggers a review of the project and its business case to determine whether they’re still valid.

 

Coming Up

It’s official! I’ve started a complete rework of my popular Project Management Foundations course. It was the #4 most popular LinkedIn Learning course in 2025. And the improvements and enhancements we’ve planned might notch it higher in the rankings.

In this edition, I’m narrowing the focus to project managers’ most important responsibilities, key skills, and effective techniques. It will also emphasize the practical aspects of how everything helps you deliver successful projects in the real world. That will get you going quicker and make your efforts more effective. In addition to videos, the course will include text to provide background info, infographics for high-level perspectives, and AI role play to practice common PM situations. There will be two levels of challenges: easier ones for people newer to project management and others for project managers who want to move up. And the content will also be in line with PMBOK® 8th edition.

_______________________________________

This article belongs to the Bonnie’s Project Pointers newsletter series, which has more than 105,000 subscribers. This newsletter is 100% written by a human (no aliens or AIs involved). If you like this article, you can subscribe to receive notifications when a new article posts.

Want to learn more about the topics I talk about in these newsletters? Watch my courses in the LinkedIn Learning Library and tune into my LinkedIn Office Hours live broadcasts.

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Ways Projects Produce Value

Ways Projects Produce ValueAccording to the Project Management Institute’s (PMI) Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) 8th Edition, project managers are responsible for ensuring that their project delivers value. Completing projects within the triple constraints of time, scope, and cost isn’t enough. Let’s look at examples of how projects might produce value: 

  • Tangible financial returns are the most common shape that value takes for most projects. They are financial benefits that the organization gains from a project and can be measured directly. Examples include Return on Investment (ROI), payback period, and Return on Assets (ROA). 
  • Intangible value items are benefits you can’t always measure with a hard, specific number, such as improvements in customer satisfaction, community perception, or reputation as a high-quality provider. Assigning a number to this type of value is, essentially, guesswork. But this type of value can be crucial to a company’s success.
  • Social Value, which PMI calls Value for People, represents an outcome that increases the value a project delivers for people. Examples include expanding access to a product or service to people in remote communities or to those who speak various languages. A service that displays wait-times for medical services is probably a sunk cost for the medical facility, but it makes things less stressful for patients. Expanded definitions like Social Value offer greater flexibility in justifying projects. Of course, they also increase expectations for the outcomes a project manager must track and manage.
  • Value for the physical environment is a measurable value of a net benefit to the physical environment, such as reduction in waste, improvement in resource consumption, or decreases in environmental impact, such as net-zero energy policies.
  • Increased operational efficiencies represent measurable value from strengthening operational efficiency and streamlining workflows within the organization. This type of value is often demonstrated through improvements in areas like communication or the deployment of new technologies to reduce complexity. Many of these directly or indirectly result in tangible financial returns. But they don’t have to in order to be considered valuable. For instance, outcomes that increase employee safety might increase costs, but deliver greater efficiencies because fewer skilled staff days are missed, and there is a more positive perception of the company’s care and concern for its employees. 

Are you already focused on value delivery? Great, you are a valuable project manager! If you want to learn more about this focus on value, check out Cyndi Snyder Dionisio’s course, Introducing the PMBOK® Guide—8th Edition.

 

Coming Up

It’s official! I’ve started a complete rework of my popular Project Management Foundations course. It was the #4 most popular LinkedIn Learning course in 2025. And the improvements and enhancements we’ve planned might notch it higher in the rankings.

In this edition, I’m narrowing the focus to project managers’ most important responsibilities, key skills, and effective techniques. It will also emphasize the practical aspects of how everything helps you deliver successful projects in the real world. That will get you going quicker and make your efforts more effective. In addition to videos, the course will include text to provide background info, infographics for high-level perspectives, and AI role play to practice common PM situations. There will be two levels of challenges: easier ones for people newer to project management and others for project managers who want to move up. And the content will also be in line with PMBOK® 8th edition.

_______________________________________

This article belongs to the Bonnie’s Project Pointers newsletter series, which has more than 105,000 subscribers. This newsletter is 100% written by a human (no aliens or AIs involved). If you like this article, you can subscribe to receive notifications when a new article posts.

Want to learn more about the topics I talk about in these newsletters? Watch my courses in the LinkedIn Learning Library and tune into my LinkedIn Office Hours live broadcasts.

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Focus on How Project Tasks Support the Business

Focus on How Project Tasks Support the BusinessTeams that work cohesively and understand both the business and technical ramifications of their tasks are a big part of producing successful projects. Explaining business relevance of work to team members can be tedious. No worries! Here’s how to do this without taking up too much project time:

  • Assign technical team members to shadow the people whose jobs will be impacted by the members’ task outcomes. Shadowing not only shows the relevance of the task; it can also generate other business improvement ideas the team can pursue. Note: Review those new ideas with diligence and leverage a change control methodology to avoid scope creep.
  • Review mission statements of affected departments. The business goals and priorities outlined in a department’s mission statement often help project team members complete their tasks with the business in mind. After reviewing the mission statements, hold a follow-up discussion between business and project team members to ensure they understand the department’s current approach.
  • Attend business team meetings or ask the business team to attend sprint sessions. That way, specific business objectives and current shortfalls can be discussed, along with technical options for how systems might work. It can also strengthen the relationship between the project team and the business, yielding benefits in this and future projects.
  • Include the desired business outcome in task descriptions. Instead of just describing a task as “Fix the data validation bug,” add a description like “Address the issue that customers abandon checkout at a 12% higher rate because of this bug.” When team members understand the objectives, their decisions will better align with the business’s desires and direction.
  • Use process maps to show how technical components and business value align. Embrace the approach business analysts use to figure out project requirements. Don’t just create text versions of project requirements. Put them in graphical form, showing the ties between technical tasks and business requirements. Place these maps somewhere visible and refer to them in conversations. When someone asks why something is a priority, it serves as a quick reference to answer the question.

Have you used any of these approaches? If so, what was your experience with them? If not, can you see using any of them in your current PM approach?

For more about business goals and objectives, check out my Project Management Foundations course.

 

Coming Up

I’m starting to work on updating a couple of my projects. Stay tuned for more info!

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This article belongs to the Bonnie’s Project Pointers newsletter series, which has more than 105,000 subscribers. This newsletter is 100% written by a human (no aliens or AIs involved). If you like this article, you can subscribe to receive notifications when a new article posts.

Want to learn more about the topics I talk about in these newsletters? Watch my courses in the LinkedIn Learning Library and tune into my LinkedIn Office Hours live broadcasts.

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Earned Value and the Real World

Earned Value and the Real World

 

Earned value analysis is a great tool for analyzing project schedule and cost performance. The EVA graph makes it easy to see whether your project is on time and within budget (once you learn how to read it). So why do Bob McGannon and I have reservations about using this approach? In this video, we talk about the challenges getting the data needed for earned value and how to tell if your environment can support those needs.

 

 

 

Coming Up

I’m starting to work on updating a couple of my projects. Stay tuned for more info!

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This article belongs to the Bonnie’s Project Pointers newsletter series, which has more than 105,000 subscribers. This newsletter is 100% written by a human (no aliens or AIs involved). If you like this article, you can subscribe to receive notifications when a new article posts.

Want to learn more about the topics I talk about in these newsletters? Watch my courses in the LinkedIn Learning Library and tune into my LinkedIn Office Hours live broadcasts.

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When is Project Risk Too Risky?

When is Project Risk Too RiskyAn organization’s risk tolerance influences decision-making, resource allocation, and stakeholder alignment, so you need a clear understanding of how much uncertainty the organization is willing to accept.

How you plan and communicate a project will differ depending on whether the project risk fits within the organization’s risk tolerance. As risk increases, discussions about risk are more important and more frequent. Plus, you will track risks more carefully and communicate more. Maybe you ask for more contingency funds. Dare I suggest, you might ask whether the key stakeholders really want to do the project. If risk level can’t be compromised, you need to lower the project risk level before moving forward.

With so much riding on risk, here are approaches for assessing an organization’s risk tolerance.

  • Review past project decisions and outcomes. Review how the organization handled past uncertainty, including whether risks were avoided, mitigated, or accepted. This indicates how leadership responds to project setbacks. Note: Don’t trust risk plans that don’t describe how risks were addressed, which means the plan wasn’t revised as the project was executed. As a result, the risk impacts or lack thereof were likely not documented.
  • Engage key stakeholders. Use structured interviews to identify risk perceptions, priorities, and thresholds. Note the differences between senior leaders, sponsors, finance representatives, and operational teams. These stakeholder groups often have differing perspectives, but you need to explore conflicting impressions in more detail. For example, senior leaders might consider a risk category as low, while operational personnel identify significant issues in the details they manage. Conduct a process review to resolve these conflicting opinions.
  • Analyze financial indicators. Examine the management reserves allocated for past projects. Organizations that operate on tighter margins or under strict cost controls tend to have lower risk tolerance. Look for the areas of greatest concern, such as raw material costs, manufacturing, or distribution. In a software development environment, you can assess risk tolerance by looking at the willingness (or resistance) to contract highly skilled personnel or the thoroughness of testing prior to software release.
  • Evaluate governance structures and approval processes. The more reviews or signatures required to approve a document, the lower the risk tolerance. Highly regulated organizations or those with a strong hierarchical philosophy typically have lower tolerance for ambiguity and require lower risk approaches to approve a project launch.
  • Use a formal risk assessment framework. A good framework will rank risk on a scale of 1-5 and have a pre-determined cut level for acceptable risk. For example, acceptable projects have a risk rating of 2 or lower. Any projects above that level must be restructured to reduce risk before approval. This framework provides a direct measure of the organization’s risk tolerance. Once you quantify risk impacts and probabilities, compare the resulting risk level to the organization’s framework. Note: If more risk is required to achieve strategic outcomes, discuss the situation with project sponsors to see what they want to do.  

For more about risk, check out Bob McGannon’s Project Management Foundations: Risk course.

 

 

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This article belongs to the Bonnie’s Project Pointers newsletter series, which has more than 105,000 subscribers. This newsletter is 100% written by a human (no aliens or AIs involved). If you like this article, you can subscribe to receive notifications when a new article posts.

Want to learn more about the topics I talk about in these newsletters? Watch my courses in the LinkedIn Learning Library and tune into my LinkedIn Office Hours live broadcasts.

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Create Standards for Communication Response

Create Standards for Communication Response

 

Have you ever sent an urgent email and panicked when you don’t get a quick reply? Or maybe you receive a text message asking how you’re doing and then get a second text 3 minutes later asking why you haven’t responded. In projects as well as personal life, it’s a good idea to get people on the same page about which communication methods to use for different situations and what response time to expect. In this video, Bob McGannon and I provide some ideas on how to set these standards.

 

 

 

Coming Up

I’m starting to work on updating a couple of my projects. Stay tuned for more info!

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This article belongs to the Bonnie’s Project Pointers newsletter series, which has more than 104,000 subscribers. This newsletter is 100% written by a human (no aliens or AIs involved). If you like this article, you can subscribe to receive notifications when a new article posts.

Want to learn more about the topics I talk about in these newsletters? Watch my courses in the LinkedIn Learning Library and tune into my LinkedIn Office Hours live broadcasts.

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Is It Time to Shut Down Your Agile Project?

Is It Time to Shut Down Your Agile Project

 

Agile planning involves allocating an amount of money (or time) to produce functions that deliver business improvement. When that time or money runs out, the project ends unless a business case to continue is made and approved. There are other situations, though, when an agile project should be stopped – even one that appears to deliver business value:

  • Priorities should be changed. Although the project might still be making a positive contribution, those contributions might have decreased in importance to the organization at this point. If other initiatives are poaching skilled technical and user team members, assess THIS project’s contribution relative to other initiatives. It might be best for the business to stop this agile project to allow skilled team members to focus elsewhere.
  • The primary business problem or opportunity has been addressed. Projects are launched to deliver value and specific changes. Once the value and changes are realized, user and sponsor interest might wane. Indications of this lack of interest can show up as inconsistent meeting attendance or features not being completed within prescribed sprints. Review the project to determine whether work should be stopped.
  • Technical debt is increasing. When there’s pressure to deliver value, taking little shortcuts is common. Add code without comments, skip some testing scripts, or install a bit of code that doesn’t quite fit into the overall solution design. Is this the wrong thing to do? Maybe, maybe not. What these shortcuts do is create technical debt, that is, an accumulation of work that needs to be addressed downstream. If this starts to happen more often, the team might be working beyond their current experience and capabilities to deliver value and creating issues in the process. When this occurs, it’s time to address technical debt and close the project. Evaluate whether the right skills – and business case – are in place to continue.
  • Benefits rationalization is increasing. When agile projects are launched, features in the backlog typically have a clear-cut purpose and business case. As the original backlog is completed and new features are added, the business value for those features can become a bit fuzzy or be based on broad assumptions. This rationalization of benefits to produce more features can be a waste of time because they don’t deliver solid value. In addition, maintaining them downstream can add unnecessary complexity and financial burden.

For more about agile projects, check out Doug Rose’s Agile Foundations course.

 

 

Coming Up

I’m starting to work on updating a couple of my projects. Stay tuned for more info!

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This article belongs to the Bonnie’s Project Pointers newsletter series, which has more than 104,000 subscribers. This newsletter is 100% written by a human (no aliens or AIs involved). If you like this article, you can subscribe to receive notifications when a new article posts.

Want to learn more about the topics I talk about in these newsletters? Watch my courses in the LinkedIn Learning Library and tune into my LinkedIn Office Hours live broadcasts.

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